Sunday, 23 July 2023

Mountains, lake, buses, boats - another trip to Ukisi

I met my Kisi colleagues (Claudia and Stanslaus) at the bus stand at about 5.30am and we caught a 6am bus to Njombe, where we needed to change buses to get to Ludewa. A couple of months ago I had made the same trip, when I went to the Manda language area (see earlier blog) to do the same thing – a couple of workshops on Luke’s gospel. The Manda and Kisi language areas are next to each other, so getting to both areas involves a bus trip to Ludewa first, after which you head directly west to Lake Nyasa to get to the Kisi language area, while the Manda language area is further south, though also next to the lake. Although geographically further away, the Manda language area is actually easier to get to as the land slopes gently down into the lake so villages can be reached by reasonably good dirt roads, while the Kisi language area is made up of steep mountains that drop directly into the lake, so getting from one village to another involves precipitous mountain tracks or boat rides to the lakeshore villages.

Left map shows the route from Mbeya to Lupingu (at the very bottom of the map on the eastern shore of Lake Nyasa), via Njombe and Ludewa. Right map shows the different language areas – the Kisi area is the one bordered in red, the Manda area is to the south and the Pangwa area (we’re also doing Bible translation in this language) to the east. I’ve circled the town of Ludewa and the village of Lupingu in blue.

The bus to Ludewa looked somewhat rough and ready, and the engine failed before we’d even got out of the bus station, but the bus driver fixed it and we were soon on our way without further problems. The bus bumped away over the dirt road for some time, before reaching a long stretch of newly surfaced road that provided sweet relief from the rattles, shakes and dust. We arrived in Ludewa at 4.30pm, therefore providing me with ample time to visit the market to buy some bananas and satsumas and then go for a walk. Ludewa is a lovely small town, with a sleepy, friendly feel, and surrounded by hills. It’s warmer than Mbeya, being at a slightly lower altitude, but not too hot, especially at this time of year. However, white people aren’t common viewing, so I was an object of interest everywhere I walked, especially as I walk fast, which invites comments along the lines of “She walks like a soldier” (i.e. marching along quickly) – I don’t think they realise I can understand what they are saying about me!

Enjoying an evening walk in Ludewa

I was startled awake in the night by the sound of rain. Rain in July?! It’s the middle of the dry season, we shouldn’t have been seeing rain until October or November. And it was proper rain, that kept going most of the night and it was still drizzling when we got up the next morning. We rented a car and driver to take us along the mountain road to the Kisi village of Nindi, and were duly dropped off at the Catholic church where we would be holding the workshop (not in the church itself, but in one of their rooms just down the road); the Catholic church is the main denomination in the area. Leaving the workshop resources there, we headed down a red dirt path to where we would be sleeping in the grounds of the Catholic church, which were extensive. The accommodation was basic but ample – what more do you need than a bed with clean sheets (though the mattress was somewhat thin, so I could feel the planks of wood through it), a table and chair, a toilet next-door to my room (albeit outside, with a door that stuck when you tried to open it) and a friendly welcome from a Catholic 

The classroom's toilet
sister promising hot water to wash with in the evening. My kind colleagues had made sure I had the nicest living situation, as their toilet was not just outside, but maybe 20-30 metres away from their rooms! While on the topic of toilets, the one available for use by the classroom where we held the workshop, had grass walls and no roof, so it was wonderfully smell-free, if a little exposed. Big, 1cm-long ants, with shiny black bottoms, scuttled around the hole – definitely wouldn’t want to get those ants in your pants!

Staying at the Catholic guest house in Nindi (outside, bathroom and bedroom)

We had sixteen participants on the first day of the workshop. In a nutshell, the workshop covered learning to read Kisi and studying Luke’s gospel together (recently published in Kisi). Through a mixture of group work and up-front teaching, we looked at a range of passages that helped us identify some key themes in Luke. We finished by thinking about how what we learnt applied to our own lives and how they could use Luke’s gospel (in both print and audio forms, together with the Jesus film) in their homes, their churches and their community.

Workshop participants learn to read Kisi and start to read Luke’s gospel in Kisi (Nindi)

When it came to lunchtime there wasn’t enough rice for everyone, as some participants had turned up after we’d informed the cook of how many people there would be (the usual issue of people arriving late), so we waited while she quickly prepared some ugali to go with the beef stew. Beef stew sounds rather grand for what is just beef in stock with a little chopped tomato for good measure. I was happy to wait for the ugali, which I generally prefer to rice as they often put too much oil in the rice for my taste. However, I failed to finish my lump of ugali, as I only had three small cubes of beef (which was tender and tasty) and the fatty stock (where the fat quickly solidified into orange blobs due to the cold weather) to wash it down. On a short evening walk, I picked up some tomatoes to 

Out for a walk in Nindi
supplement the carrots, cucumber and oranges that I had brought with me for my evening meals, making up for the lack of anything fresh at lunchtime. I knew that I wouldn’t be able to find any of those vegetables or fruits here, which is why I had brought them with me; typically the only fresh thing you can find in rural villages is tomatoes. Although the village of Nindi is less than an hour’s drive from the town of Ludewa, it feels very rural, as the mountain roads are not easy to traverse. This is why so little is available for sale, be it food or anything else. Phone network coverage is also poor, which adds to the feeling of remoteness – around noon the network suddenly seemed to wake up, before disappearing again in the evening. My colleague said the phone towers are solar-powered, so they only work once the sun is high in the sky, and as the first couple of days were cloudy it was particularly slow to get going. 

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4pm, Thursday 13th July, 2023

I am writing this while sitting in the workshop room. I’m here alone – the room has an abandoned look, as if people have left in a hurry, with bottles of water standing sentinel here and there, and a few Bibles scattered on the benches. It’s because of a funeral. This morning we heard that someone had died and the burial would take place this afternoon at the Catholic church, which is just up the road – I can see it through the window from where I am sitting and I can hear the faint strains of a choir singing at the funeral service. Local tradition means it’s important for pretty much everyone to attend, whether you know the person who died or not. It was especially important for us as half of our workshop participants are from the Catholic church, and we are using their buildings for the workshop! My Kisi colleagues have gone, but I have stayed to look after the things left in the room (there’s no way to lock the door), as the fact that I am a complete stranger means it’s less necessary for me to attend.

Oh, one of my colleagues has already returned; they kept that service short! He tells me that though the service was short, the burial will be longer, as it’s there that they will begin to tell the person’s story of when they were born, what happened etc. (I found out later that he was only 27; he had become ill but despite going to several hospitals they failed to identify the real source of the problem.) At lunchtime the workshop participants were all talking about it, as apparently someone had refilled the freshly dug grave so there was lots of speculation over what was going on, with talk of him having been killed and that witchcraft was involved. (The truth turned out to be that the family had spent all their money on trying to get treatment for him, so they had no money left to pay for proper transportation of the body back from the hospital where he had died, so he’d been carried ‘secretly’ on the back of a motorbike, without the proper paperwork for transportation and burial (or something along those lines). So the grave had been refilled to prevent burial, over concern that the proper procedures hadn’t been followed and it could create trouble. However, in the end, this decision was overturned, recognising that the man deserved a decent burial, and any officialdom could be sorted out later.)

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Despite everything, we were able to get through all the material I had prepared, as we went faster than we did in the Manda area because they asked less questions! I was wishing they’d ask more, as questions give me a sense of where people are at, what their level of understanding really is and what issues there are in their biblical understanding and Christian living. However, despite this lack of feedback as we went along, the feedback at the end was really encouraging.

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Here’s some of what was said (loosely translated and abbreviated from Swahili):

“This workshop has opened my eyes to how to read the Bible.” and “I didn’t know how to use the Bible, but from now on I’ll be a teacher of the Bible!” (Many participants were from churches where reading the Bible isn’t something that is particularly encouraged, so it was an eye-opening experience to discover how we can study the Bible and learn from it for ourselves.)

“I’ve learned what principles to use when reading the Bible, and tools for teaching, such as sitting in a circle and discussing.”

“I’ve learned about prayer. Even Jesus prayed for something he didn’t get.” (This referred to one of the themes we looked at in Luke of Jesus being a man of prayer. We talked about how Jesus prayed for his cup of suffering to be removed, but may God’s will be done.)

“This has been a new thing for me, do we preach Jesus or do we preach the development of the church? We need to make changes. If someone comes to my church, will they meet Jesus or a request for money?” (This came out of our discussion about the themes in Luke, and how those themes compare to the things we normally teach in our churches.)

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With my colleagues, Stanslaus and Claudia, in
Nindi (in front of the Catholic church)

Workshop over, we were picked up by the same driver as before to be taken to Lupingu, down by the lake, where we were welcomed by warm air and the sound of waves breaking on the beach. (I had felt cold the whole time we were in Nindi, due to overcast skies and a chilly wind.) I killed four big cockroaches in my room and en-suite bathroom before bed – warmer weather always means bigger bugs! The next morning we went to visit the pastor of a church, who so far has refused to support and be involved in the work we are doing. Working cross-denominationally can be challenging, with some people being very denominationalist, unwilling to work alongside people from certain other denominations. We praise God that a side effect of our work is often bringing about co-operation between churches that previously wouldn’t have associated with each other. Unfortunately, the pastor was out fishing and wouldn’t be back for some time, so we spoke to the pastor’s wife and then headed back to the guest house, packed up our stuff, and got in the small motor boat waiting to take us to Makonde further up the lake.

Thankfully the lake was fairly calm, an answer to prayer after how rough it had been in recent days – we heard that just a few nights previously (when we had that unexpected rain) it had been really stormy, with big waves reaching beyond the usual shoreline, and sweeping away or damaging fishing nets and boats. As we progressed towards Makonde, I was amazed to see telegraph poles hugging the shoreline and to discover that electricity had made it all the way to Makonde. That must have been a challenging job, with no roads for transportation of the poles and cables, and most of the shoreline being rocky so that it would have been hard to get close with a boat.

Being Saturday, we took it easy, but we still went to visit another pastor to invite his participation in the workshop and our work in general. He was of the same denomination as the pastor we tried to visit in Lupingu and he proved equally reluctant to get involved; incidentally people from that same denomination had participated happily in the Nindi workshop. We also visited a couple of other pastors (who are fully supportive), though I spent most of my time subtly reading a book on my phone while my colleagues chatted with them in Kisi (whenever they switched to Swahili, I joined in, but I don’t understand any Kisi, though sometimes I can pick up the gist of a conversation by occasional Swahili words that get thrown in). I also enjoyed a short swim in the evening, and a few moments of quiet by the lake after the sun set before hiding away in my room. Although we were staying in a guest house, it was more like an AirBnB in feel as the guest rooms are within the family’s own home, so I could hear the family and my colleagues talking together in the living room, a strangely comforting sound. I enjoy chatting with folk here, but I find I also need time to myself – the fast conversation of a group can be hard for me to follow and engage in, either because I lack context or because I don’t know the relevant vocabulary, all of which can make it quite tiring to follow along. Sunday was a fairly quiet day, other than attending a local church in the morning (the one where we would hold the workshop) – I was really encouraged by the good teaching of the elderly pastor, who faithfully taught the truth. Despite spending much of the day just sitting around reading, doing cross-stitch or listening to audio stuff, I didn’t find it very relaxing, though it would be hard to put a finger on why, other than maybe just that sense of being a guest in a strange place so that you are always conscious of how you behave.

Moody sky one evening in Makonde

The workshop got off to a promising start on Monday morning, with a good turnout (we had around 25 participants by the end of the first day) and a good mix of denominations. The translators have visited Makonde many times (it’s sometimes considered the place where the purest Kisi language can be found), so there has been a lot of exposure there to our work. This was evident in people’s proficiency in reading Kisi and the fact that the majority of participants had already got a copy of Luke in Kisi and had brought it with them to the workshop. They also asked more questions and showed a greater readiness to answer questions, all of which made my job of teaching much more enjoyable.
Left: Claudia teaches about the letters that exist in the Kisi alphabet that don’t exist in Swahili. Right: Group work, discussing various Bible passages in Luke. In the foreground, you can also see the basket of cups and thermos flasks ready to serve chai (morning tea – black, very sweet and lightly spiced).

After we finished, Claudia and I went to a participant’s house to enjoy oranges freshly picked off her tree (I tried to explain to Claudia that oranges in England were actually orange, but I think she found it hard to take in, as oranges here are typically green, maybe with a bit of yellow or orange on them). I also had a fun conversation with her about hair, explaining that we use shampoo and not oil in our hair like they use. When I came to eating my tea, I was disgruntled to discover that tiny ants had got into my food tub. I proceeded to knock and blow them off my homemade granola bar as best I could, clean out the tub and clean off the floor where they were now scuttling around. I then noticed some of the ants on my neatly folded pile of clothes and realised that ants were running around all over the place. I shook out my clothes, moved everything to a different part of the room and resolved to ask that my room be cleaned the next day. Ants are a relentless problem in a place like Makonde. In Mbeya I sometimes find ants scuttling around my bathroom or crawling over our waste food tub or along the worktop in the kitchen, and much worse are the termites in the garden constantly eating away at our fence, but I think in this warmer, more humid environment by the lake, the situation is much worse.

The workshop finished well on Wednesday, with people who had come from further afield beseeching us to visit their village with workshops like this, and even the people of Makonde itself asking us to come again. It was encouraging to see the spirit of unity between churches that was fostered through the workshop – there had been some awkward questions and comments that could have been divisive, but at the conclusion of it all it was clear that they recognised that we share one message of good news for the people of Makonde and we need to work together to proclaim the Kingdom of God and to make the Kisi Scriptures available. And this message is needed just as much in Makonde as anywhere. One evening I walked past a house where a lady had created what looked like a very shallow paddling pool (maybe 2 metres long by 1 metre wide), filled with a slightly brown liquid with froth on top, which she was stirring. I found out later it was local brew (usually made from maize) – what she was doing was a quick way of cooling it off so that it would be ready for selling and drinking. From afternoon to evening, every day, people sit around next to the football field, down by the lake, drinking. It seems that alcoholism is a real problem here. (And not just here, I’ve heard it’s a problem in many many places.)

Views around Makonde

Each evening that we had stayed in Makonde the lake was quite rough, so on Tuesday we made the decision that I shouldn’t try to leave on Wednesday evening straight after the workshop, but should wait until Thursday morning, as the lake is usually calmer in the mornings, even though this meant I wouldn’t get home until a day later. So the boat and car was accordingly arranged for Thursday. Remembering the last time I had visited Makonde and the very rough boat ride back to Lupingu, which made even the locals somewhat anxious, this felt like a wise course of action. But when Wednesday evening arrived, there was hardly any breeze and the lake lapped gently against the shore; people here always say, “The lake is unpredictable!”  At least this meant there was a chance to have one final dip in the lake, enjoying the beautifully coloured fish swimming around the rocks on the lake bed and staying until the big pink disc of the sun sank below the hills of Malawi on the other side of the lake. Idyllic though this sounds (and it was truly beautiful, causing me to break into song, “Oh Lord my God, when I awesome wonder, consider all the works thy hands hath made”) I also felt very ready to head home, to where I can speak English with friends and not feel so very much like a fish out of water. Still, I spent a pleasant evening chatting with the landlady for a while outside, while marvelling at the stars, and then chatting with her husband and Claudia indoors and watching the news together, before retiring to my room for a bit of time to myself and to make sure I was ready for the next day’s early start.

The next morning I was up at 6am. Half an hour later I was ready to go. By that time, one of the landlady’s children, who couldn’t have been more than ten years old, was already outside sweeping the yard and a wood fire was already lit in the kitchen (a brick building, separate from the house), with smoke billowing out the open door and windows. The landlady shortly headed down to the beach to try and find some fish or meat for the cooking she’d be doing that day. We had kept her busy, as she had cooked all the food for our workshop, and now she would be cooking for the 5-day meeting my colleagues would be holding with the ‘Reviewers Committee’ (a group of Kisi Christians) to check through the first half of Genesis. I didn’t get to have any fish while I was there, despite being next to the lake, as the choppy waters meant hardly any fish near the shores and no fishing. We had pork one day though – there are lots of pigs roaming around the village, and while I waited to board the boat to leave, I could see a pig lying lifeless on the beach, with a man hard at work cleaning the skin ready to butcher it. Next time I turned around to look, there was the head, eyes staring sightlessly up into the sky. It almost made me want to turn vegetarian, but I’m rather partial to pork!

And finally I was off. Stanslaus (who accompanied me) kept up a loud conversation with the boat people over the noise of the engine and every now and then got busy with a scooper to get rid of the excess water sloshing around in the bottom of the boat. Within a couple of hours we’d arrived in Lupingu, where they somehow managed to drop my rucksack in the water as we climbed ashore, so my clothes all got rather damp! I said goodbye to Stanslaus and got in the waiting car, together with Stanslaus’s wife and daughter-in-law, as the latter was pregnant and needed to go to the hospital in town ready for giving birth. An hour and a half later we were in Ludewa and I had bought a ticket for the 11am bus to Njombe. Arriving in Njombe about 4pm, I couldn’t face getting on another bus, so I bought a ticket for a 6am bus the next morning and headed to a guest house. I struggled to hold back the tears when I was finally alone in my room. The travel, the tiredness, the unwanted attention because I’m white and the resulting bad attitude I had to people who were trying to help me (albeit with the hope of getting money out of it) left me feeling miserable. But after hanging out my damp clothes to dry, a shower, a walk with lovely views, some grilled maize and a friendly chat with the guest house worker, I felt a lot better.

Waiting for the accident to be cleared – the queue of traffic
stretched into the distance. The bus I was travelling on is
the one on the left.
By lunchtime the next day I was home, though we got stuck for an hour or so due to an accident, so it had been a longer journey than anticipated. My head was reeling from the loud music on the bus – can you believe it, they were playing Michael Jackson music videos! I was exhausted. I’d enjoyed my travels, I was thankful for the privilege of teaching local Christians and for their warm appreciation for what we are doing, the mountains, lake and night skies were food for the soul as they pointed to our loving Creator, and I’d enjoyed chatting with Claudia, but it felt so good to be home again.

Tuesday, 4 July 2023

Off to the capital

One advantage of an early start - getting to watch the sunrise

5am. Seriously? When did they change the bus departure times from being 6am to 5am?! So I had to get up in what felt like the middle of the night to catch the bus to Dodoma, the administrative capital of Tanzania, where I was going to be teaching two workshops. At least the bus stand is only a five minute walk from our home! Nearly eleven hours on the bus, with only one toilet/food stop (of just ten minutes), doesn’t make for the most comfortable experience, but it was nice to arrive in Dodoma mid-afternoon and have time for the excitement of a visit to the supermarket. That may not sound exciting to you, but Mbeya’s biggest food store has three very short aisles, so you can browse everything they stock in less than five minutes. Not that I’m complaining, as we can get almost everything we need, and for a terrible decision maker like me it’s a good thing to not have a lot of choice! But I’ve always rather enjoyed food shopping, so it was fun to have this chance to browse a bigger store. I bought some juicy sultanas off the bargain shelf – amusingly the packaging declared a price of ‘£1.45’ (about 4400 Tanzanian shillings), so it had obviously been imported from the UK. Usually such items are two or three times the original UK price, but it was on a date-offer of just 3000 shillings!

Lunch stop - I was on the bus in the middle

I was staying with friends and colleagues in Dodoma, Michelle and Nicholle Haupt (they’re sisters) – they were the ones who had invited me to teach as they are coordinating Scripture Engagement work in the projects that are based out of our Dodoma office. The first workshop wasn't held in Dodoma itself, so on Monday we had to catch a bus to a small town called Magugu, which spreads out on either side of the main road that connects Dodoma (in the centre of Tanzania) to Arusha (in the north). This meant another five or so hours on a bus! Magugu is in the Mbugwe language area, and the three Mbugwe translators had arrived over the weekend to make sure everything was set up. It was my first time to visit, and I can’t honestly say I will be in any hurry to return! Compared to the highlands of home in Mbeya, the landscape felt bland and the town somehow reminiscent of a Wild West town with sand, dust and drab looking buildings on either side of the highway. On my third evening there I was thankful to discover a road that led me away from the highway and houses towards a village, where I finally felt I could breathe as my surroundings opened out to fields and vegetation, with low lying hills ahead. The second (and last) time I walked along that road, I caught up with a teenage girl walking home to the village (apparently 6km away from Magugu) who wanted to chat with me, so she picked up her pace to keep up and we exchanged pleasantries. I learned that she walked that 6km every day to get to her school in town!

Going for a walk

The workshop was for Sunday school teachers. The goals of the workshop were:

  • to teach them to read their Mbugwe language
  • to introduce them to a series of Old Testament Bible story books that have been translated into Mbugwe that they can use in Sunday school
  • to do a Bible overview with them (using those books, which covered creation, the fall, Noah, the tower of Babel, God’s covenant with Abraham, Isaac and the Exodus, as part of that overview)
  • to teach them interactive methods for teaching children
  • to provide guidance for preparing a Sunday school lesson.

Playing games
We had around 15 teachers, coming from villages across the Mbugwe language area. They had varying levels of ability, but all engaged well and by the end each one was able to share something they had learnt, from understanding the significance of sacrifice and how that began right at the beginning in the Garden of Eden, to enjoying new games that they can use with children, to learning how to read Mbugwe. They were a fun group to be with and at the end we were touched by many kind words and each of us facilitators received a gift of a big bag of rice. Apparently Magugu is known for its rice – at the edge of the football field outside our guest house were piles of rice husks. In the mornings I saw ladies winnowing (using a shallow basket to toss the rice husks in the air and let the breeze blow them away); I think they were looking to see if they could find any grains of rice left among the husks. We finished the workshop early Friday afternoon, and before departing they performed a traditional song and dance for us, in their own unique Mbugwe style, circling around the drummer with careful footwork and moving their shoulders in time with the beat.

Traditional Mbugwe dancing

Saturday morning we were back on the bus to return to Dodoma, wondering exactly what we would find in the Haupts’ house, as we’d received news while we were away that it had been burgled. We arrived at the house to find their househelp had kindly stayed around while people were there repairing the window frame and iron bars that had been cut through by the thieves in order for them to get into the house. Thankfully nothing of any significant value had been taken, it was mostly kitchen items and a few other things, but knowing someone has broken into your home is unsettling to say the least. We visited the supermarket that evening in order to replace the kettle and iron!

On Sunday I went with Michelle to the church they attend, which is pastored by the team leader of our Dodoma project office; he proved to be a great Bible teacher. The service was a real encouragement to me – the last time I had felt fed and built up by a church service was in February when I was in Dar for our strategy meetings! It was such a contrast to the far-too-loud church I normally attend, with endlessly repeated choruses, four choirs to listen to and sermons that seem to contain an unnecessary amount of shouting. (I don’t really know much about the content of the sermons as I’m usually out teaching Sunday school, but from the odd chance I’ve had to stay in for a sermon it seems that the teaching is usually milk rather than meat.) You may wonder why I don’t find another church, but the reality is that the alternatives may be no better, in fact they may be worse. At least in the church I attend most of what is said is faithful to Scripture, there seems to be genuine care for people in need, the pastor appears to be a man of prayer and I feel part of the church family to some degree.

Group work - practising telling the
Bible story and teaching
Monday we began again – workshop number two, this time held in the Dodomaoffice, with the Sunday school teachers coming into Dodoma from the Rangi and Burunge language areas. The goals of the workshop were similar, but the Rangi and Burunge books we were sharing with them to use in Sunday school were very simple books of teachings and stories of Jesus, so I spent less time on doing the Bible overview and more time looking at these different stories and learning how to teach children. I was amused at lunchtime on the first day to find out that one of the Bible translators, who was supposedly working away in his office, was actually listening into our seminar and making notes on it! After talking about how there is no more need for sacrifice since Christ gave his life for us, one participant asked how do you respond as a Christian when there has been a fire on your land and the neighbours say you must join them in making sacrifices (I think to appease the gods or ancestors). It would have been easy for me to say you need to stand firm and refuse to participate, but I’ve never had to face that kind of community pressure! I invited the group to respond to his question and I was very glad when a participant was able to share a personal example of standing firm in a similar situation.

Performing a memory verse song they had
composed (first workshop) - there was a power
cut, and the room was rather dim, so they
were using torches on their phones to help
them see the words!
At the end of the workshop we invited people to share something new they had learnt about God, something new they had learnt about how to teach children and one thing that they had really enjoyed about the workshop. It was great to hear people saying that they’ve seen God’s love right from Genesis, how he wants to be near to us, how he came to seek and to save the lost etc. It was encouraging to hear lots of them say how much they enjoyed the teaching, that they didn’t get tired because it was so engaging and that they have learnt a lot about how to teach children.

Thursday morning it was back on the bus for 11.5 hours to return to Mbeya (it always takes longer on the return journey, maybe because of climbing the hills to get back up to Mbeya and the traffic jams on the way into town). It was good to get home. I was exhausted after the trip, both from the fairly intense programme and the travel itself, but I was thankful for all that God had enabled us to do. I pray that the Sunday school teachers will have the courage to implement what they learnt, and also have gained an appetite for reading God’s wonderful Word.

I was fascinated by the unique housing style in the countryside outside of Dodoma -
long, low, flat roofed mud houses.
(Apologies for blurry image - it was taken while on the bus.)